Солонгос хэлний хичээл №4

Jich: Daraagiin hicheelees ehleed shine ugsiin duudlagiig Enlgish vsgeer bish Solongos usgeer bichih bolno.

1.Nerlehiin tiin yalgal -이/가, -께서, -란/-이란 0 utgatai, (bol, ni)
2.Zaaxiin tiin yalgal -의 - iin, -n, nii
3.Ogox orshihiin t/yalgal -을/를 - iig, g
4.Garahiin tiin yalgal -에(amigvi zuild zalgana) - d, -t
- 에게 (게),-깨 (xvndetgeliin), -한테,-더러 (xvn ba amitai zvild zalgana)
5.Garahiin tiin yalgal -에서(amigvi zuils) -aas 4
-에게서, -한테서 (xvn bolon amitai yum)
6.Vildehiin tiin yalgal -(으)로, -(으)로서, -(으)로써 -aar 4
7.Xamtrahiin tiin yalgal -와, -과, -(으)랑, -하고 -tai 4
8.Duudahiin tiin yalgal -야,-아,-여,-이어,-(이)시여 (-aa 4)


Hel zui (문법)

1. Ner vg + (은) 무엇입니까 ?
(은) mongol helnii " ni " utga duine.

Jishee:
이것은 무엇입니까? (Igoshin mvoshimniga) Ene yu ve?
저거것은 무엇입니까? (Chogosin mvoshimniga) Ter yu ve?

2. (이것은/저것은) Ner vg+입니다(bichgiin bolon hvndetgeliin togsgol)/-이에요(odor tutmiin togsgol)

Jishee:
이것은 책상입니다/ 책상이에요. (Igosin chegsan-imnida/chegsan-i-ye-yu) Ene bol bichgiin shiree (yum).
이것은 의자입니다/의자이에요. (Igosin iijainida/iija-i-ye-yu) Ene bol sandal (yum).
저것은 책상입니다/ 책상이에요.(Cho-gosin chegsan-imnida/chegsan-i-ye-yu) Ter bol bichgiin shiree
(yum).
저것은 의자입니다/의자이에요. (Cho-gosin iija-imnida/iija-i-ye-yu) Ter bol sandal (yum).

Jich: 의자 gedeg ugnii 의 iig duudxad jaahan tovogtei bdag. Manai mongolchuud ihevchilen "v" vsgeer duudag. Solongos hvntei yarihdaa ingej V vseer duudaj yarival mash yalgaatai sonstdog. Mongol helnii er ugiin "i" +em vgnii "i"tei nemj duudan heleh ni onovchtoi duudlaga bolno. Ta buhen dasgal hiigeed uzeerei. Uchir ni 의- vsgeer ehlesen ugs bas ch neleedgui bdag uchir daraa daraagiin ugsiig zov duudaj suraxad chin neleed doxomtei baix bolno.

Shine ugs (새로운 단어):

책상-bichgiin shiree,
의자- sandal
Ta buhen daraachiin hicheelees ehlen hicheelee batatgah zorilgoor biye daan hiih dasgaliig hiij bolno.

Solongos helend engiin odoo tsagt hereglej bgaa vil viin togsgoliin helbervvd (-j,ch baina, -dag4)
1.Hvndetgeliin helber -ㅂ니다/습니다 (ㅂ니다 - giigvvlegcheer togsson vil vgend harin 습니다 - egshgeer togsson vil vgend tus zalgaj hereglene.)

Jich : vil vgiin ene helberiig engiin amidraliin yarian deer tsoohon heregledeg. 

Jishee:
(보다) 보 : 다 보+ㅂ니다 = 봅니다 (harj bna, hardag)
vndes huvilgah heseg

(오다) 좋 : 다 좋+습니다= 좋습니다 (saihan bna, saihan)

2.Huraangui (hvndetgeliin ) helber - 아요/어요. (ㅗ,ㅏ togsson vil vgend deer,giigvvlegch bolon l-eer togsson vgend tus tus zalgaj hereglene. )

JIch : ene helber ni mash tvgeemel heregdlegddeg bogood hariltsan yariltsagch etgeed ooroos ni ahmad nastai esvel alban tushaalaar deer hvn
(zaxiral, darga geh met) tohioldold, mon vilchilgeenii gazar ih hereglegddeg.

Jishee:

(보다) 보 : 다 보+아요=봐요 (payu)
(가다) 가 : 다 가+아요 = 가요 (kayu)
(먹다) 먹 : 다 먹+어요=먹어요 (mogoyu)
(마시다) 마시 : 다 마시+어요=마셔요 (mashyoyu)
(좋다) 좋 : 다 좋+아=좋아요 (chuvayu)

3.Odor tutmiin helleg : vil vgend ymar negen togsgol zalgahgui shuud tuhain tsagt ni huvirgaj yarih helber. Ooroor helbel 아요/어요-iin 요togsgoliig ni hasan yarih helbereer hereglene.

Jishee:

(보다) 보 : 다 봐 (pa) uz
(가다) 가 : 다 가 (ka) yav
(먹다) 먹 : 다 먹어 (mogo) id
(마시다) 마시 : 다 마셔 (mashyo) uu
(좋다) 좋 : 다 좋아 (chuva) saihan bna, tegye, za, ok

Jich: ene helber ni zaxiran tushaah bolon huseh ved hereglegdene gedgiig anhaarna uu.

Mendchilgee: 인사하기
Hariltsan yaria 1. (대화 1)

안영하십니까? (anyon-ashimniga) sain baina uu? (hvndetgeliin helleg)
안영하세요? (anyon-aseyo) sain baina uu? (odor tutmiin helleg)
만나서 반갑습니다. (man-naso pangab-simnida) uulzsandaa bayartai baina.
만나서 반가워요. (man-naso panga-voyu) uulzsandaa bayartai baina
네,반갑습니다. (ne, pangab-simnida) tiimee, uulzsandaa bayartai baina.

Todruulga: Ogvvlberiig Ner ugeer togsgoh tohioldold -입니다/-이에요 togsgoliig zalgaj heregledeg.

Jishee:

저는 (전) 빠트입니다. (Chonin Batimnida) Namaig Bat gedeg.
Jich: 저는-iig huraanguilval 전 bolno.
제 이름은 빠트입니다. (Che irvmin Batimnida.) Minii ner bol Bat.
Hariltsan yaria 2. (대화 2)
오래간만입니다. (ure-kanman-imnida) Uulzsangui udlaa shuu.
잘 지내고 계십니까? / (chali jinegu geshimniga) Buh zuil dajgvi bizdee? (Hvndetgeliin )
잘 지내고 있어요? (chali jinegu isoyu) Buh zuil dajgui bizdee? (Odor tutmiin)
네, 잘 지내요. (ne, chal jineyu) Tiimee, sain bgaa
건강하십니까/? 건강하시지오?(Kongan-hashimniga/ Kongan-hashijiu) Lagshin tungalag uu?
건강하세요? (Kongan-haseyu) Biye sain uu?

Hariltsan yaria 3. (대화 3)

잘 주무세요? / 잘 지냈습니까? / 잘 지냈아요?(Chali chvmvseyo/ chali jine-simniga/ chali jineseyu) Saihan amarsan uu? (Hvndetgeliin)
네, 잘 지냈습니다./ 잘 지냈아요 (Ne, chal jinessimnida / chali jinesoyu). Tiimee saihan amarsan.
Jich: Mongol helnii zoolnii temdgiig "i" usgeer orluulav. (Jishee ni Chali gedeg vgnii "i" vsgiig ni mgl helnii zoolnii temdgeer zoolrvvlj unshna uu.)

어디 가요?/ 어디 가제요? (odi kayo / odi kaseyu) Haashaa yavj bgaa yum be?
회사에 가요 / 공장에 가요. (Hvesa-e kayo/Kunjan-e kayo) Kompani ruugaa yavj bna. / Uildver lvvgee yavj bna.

수고하세요. (Svge haseyo) Amjilt hvsye. (Hicheegeerei)
안녕히가십시요. / 안녕히가세요. (Anyon-i-kashibshi-u / Anyon-i gaseyo) Bayartai. (Yavj bgaa hund helne)
아녕히계십시오 / 안녕히계셰요. (Anoyon-i-geshib-shi-u / Anyon-i-geseyu) Bayartai. (Dotor vldej bgaa hund helne.)
고맙습니다 / 고마워요 / 감사합니다 (Kumab-simnida / Kuma-voyu / Kamsa-hamnida) Bayalalaa.
죄송합니다 (chusunhamnida) Orshoogoorei.
미안합니다 / 미안해요 (Mian-hamnida/mian-heyu) Uuchlaarai.
실례합니다 (Shille-hamnida) Yos aldsand uuchlaarai.
괜찮습니다 / 괜찮아요 (ken-chan-simnida/ken-chan-nayu) Zvgeer.
안녕히 주무세요 / 잘 자세요 / 잘 자. (an-yon-i chvmv-seyu / chali chaseyu / chali cha) Tavtai noirsooroi/ Saihan amraarai.
주말 잘 보내세요 (Jvmali chali pvne-seyu) Amraltiin odruudee saihan ongorvvleerei. (7 honogiin suul) 네, 주말 즐겁게 보내세요. (ne, jvmali chali pune-seyu) Bayarlalaa,amraltiin odrvvdee hogjiltei ongorvvleerei.
또 만나요 / 내일 봐요 (du man-nayu/ Neil payu)
Daraa uulzaya./ Bayartai, margaash uulzaya.

Jich: Hicheeliig oruulah yavtsad bichiltiin aldaa madag garch baigaa. Unshigch ta bvhen vvniig bolgoon vzej, zasaj ogch bgaad talarhaj baina. Tsaashid aldaa madag gargahgvig hicheeh bolno.
Ugiin dund orson "ㅎ" useg barag unshigdahgui.
"ㅎ" urd yumuu ard ㄱ,ㄷ,ㅈ,ㅂ orvol "ㅎ" unshigdaxgui, harin ug 4 giiguulegch changarch unshigdana.

Jishee:

이렇게 (iroke) ingej
그렇게 (kiroke) tegej
좋다 (chuta) sain
많다 (manta) ih, olon
그렇지만 (kirochiman) gevch, gehdee
대답하다 (tedab-ada) hariulah
"ㅎ"+ㅣ ="ㅎ"-g unshihgui.

Jishee:

천천히 (chon-choni) udaan
열심히 (yolishimi) hicheengui

Anhaarch unshih yostoi 6 giiguulegch ㅅ(ㅆ), ㅈ,ㅊ,ㄷ,ㅌ,ㅎ-eer togsson ug bolon edgeeriin ard ㅁ,ㄴ-ees busad giiguulegch orvol ug 6 giiguulegchiig "ㄷ"-eer unshina.

Jishee:

(ㅅ) 옷 (ud) huvtsas
(ㅆ) 있다 (id-da) baih
(ㅈ) 낮 (nad) odor
(ㅊ) 꽃 (gud) tsetseg
(ㄷ) 받다 (pad-da) avah
(ㅌ) 끝 (gid) togsgol
(ㅎ) 히읏 (hi-yd) H- useg

Harin ug 6 giiguulegchiin ard egshig irvel ooriin duudlagaara unshigdana.

Jishee:

옷이 (ushi) huvtsas
있어요 (is-soyu) baina
낮에 (naje)
꽃이 (guchi) tsetseg
받으세요 (padiseyu) avaarai

"ㅌ" + "ㅣ" = "ㅊ" 같이 (gachi) hamt
"ㄷ" + "ㅣ" = "ㅈ" 굳이 (gyji) zoriud
"ㄷ" + "ㅎ" = "ㅊ" 닫히다 (tachida) haagdah

Batchim (받침) gej yu ve?

Egshigiin door 1 buyu 2 giiguulegch jiireglej bichigdsen giiguulegchiig badchim gene.
Dan ba davhar badchimtai (giiguulegchtei) ugiin ard egshig orvol 2 giiguulegch 2-ula unshigdana. Busad toxiold ug giiguulegch ni zovhon haaltand baigaa neg usgeer unshigdana. Ugiin dund orson "ㅎ" usgiig unshihgui gedgiig martav.

1. ㄱ,ㅋ,ㄲ,ㄳ,ㄺ (ㄱ)-eer unshih toxioldol:

부엌 (pyog) gal togoo
읽다 (ugda) unshih
읽으세요 (ilgiseyu) unshaarai

(Ugiin xamgiin door orson giiguulegch buyu badchim usguudiig(ㅋ,ㄱ) anhaaraltai haran unshina uu!)
2. ㄴ,ㄵ,ㄶ (ㄴ)-eer unshigdah tohioldol:

앉다 (anda) suuh
앉으세요 (anjiseyu) suugaarai
많아요 (manayu) ih baina
3.ㄹ,ㄼ,ㄽ,ㄾ,ㅀ (ㄹ)-eer unshigdah tohioldol:
Jich: zoolnii temdgiig " i " gej galglasan bolohoog anxaarna uu.

여덟 (yodoli) naim
핥다 (halida) dolooh
잃어서 (iroso) aldaad

4. ㅁ,ㄻ (ㅁ) -eer unshigdax tohioldol:
봄 (pum) havar
닮다 (tamda) tostei tsarai
닮아요 (talimayu) adilhan yum
5. ㅂ,ㅍ,ㅄ,ㄿ (ㅂ)-eer unshigdah tohioldol:

잎 (ib) navch
없다 (obda) baihgui
업서요 (obsoyu) baihgui baina (alga)

Giiguulegch ijilseh yos                                   
Ehnii giiguulegch oorchlogdoh tohioldol:
1. ㅂ,ㅍ usgiin ard ㅁ,ㄴ orvol ug 2 usgiig "ㅁ" usgeer unshina.

합니다 (hamnida) hiideg
십만 (shimman) zuun myanga

2. ㅅ(ㅆ),ㄷ,ㅌ,ㅈ,ㅊ,ㅎ -iin ard ㅁ,ㄴ orvol ug 6 "ㄴ"-eer unshigdana.

이삿날 (i-san nal) nuuh odor
뜯는 곳 (din-in gud) urj, huulah heseg
없는 것 없어요 (dmnin god obsoyo) baihgui yum algaa

3. ㄱ ard ㅁ,ㄴ orvol helnii ugiin "ㅇ"-eer unshina.

박물관 (panmuliguan) muzei
한국말 (hangynmali) solongos hel

Suuliin giiguulegch oorchlogdoh tohioldol:

4. ㅁ,ㄴ ard ㄹ orvol ㄹ ni "ㄴ" eer unshigdana.
음력 (imnyog) bilgiin toolol
대통령 (tetun-nyon) yoronhiilogch

Hoyulangiinh ni duudlaga oorchologdoh tohioldol:
5.ㅂ,ㄱ ard ㄹ orvol ㄹusgiig "ㄴ" eer unshina. (Deerhi 1 ba 4-r durem davxar noloolj buig anjiglana uu.)

수업료 (cyomnyu) hicheeliin tolbor
착룍 (chan-nyug) gazardah

6. ㄴ ard ㄹ orvol ㄹ usgiig "ㄴ" eer duudah zarim ugs

판단력 (pandan-nyog) dugneh chadvar
음운론 (imyn-nun) avia sudlal

7. ㄴ+ㄹ = ㄴ usgiig ni ㄹ-eer unshigdah zarim ugs

연락하다 (yoi-lagkada) holboo barih
신라 (shil-la) Shilla uls (Solongos ulsiin ertnii ner)

8. ㄹ+ㄴ=ㄴusgiig "ㄹ" usgeer unshina.
설날 (soli-lali) tsagaan sar
칼날 (kali-lali) hutganii ir
Ugiin ehend ㄱ,ㄷ,ㅈ,ㅂ ni xatuurch unshiggdag.
ㄱ - 가게 (kage) delguur
가수 (kasu) duuchin
ㄷ - 담배 (tambe) tamhi
다반 (taban) tsainii gazar
ㅈ - 자유 (chayun) erh choloo
자연 (chayon) baigali
ㅂ - 비누 (pinu) gar nuurin savan
바다 (pada) dalai

Zarim neg tailbar:
ㅅ(ㅆ) ard ㅑ,ㅕ,ㅛ,ㅠ,ㅣ orvol "sh"-eer unshigdana.

시(shi) tsag
샤워 (shyavo) shurshuur

와 - va
왜 - ve
외 - we
워 - vo
웨 - ve
위 - vi hemeen galiglav.

"요" eer togsson zarim usgiig "yo" oor galiglav.

ㄹ usgiin ard egshig orson yed "r" eer unshigdana.

이름 (irum) ner
오늘은 (unirin) onoodor bol
할아버지 (hara-boji) ovoo
하루 (hary) neg odor
우리 (y-ri) bid,manai
나라 (nara) uls

Harin busad tohioldold ㄹ useg " l " usgeer unshigdana. Jich: zoolnii temdgiig " i " , Mongol helnii yyrd monh gdg ugend orj bga " y " usgiig uur utsaar gdg ugend orj bga " u " usegnees yalgaxiin tuld ' y ' gej galglasan bolohoog anxaarna uu.

한국말 (hangunmal) Solongos hel
물 (myli) us
날씨 (nalishi)
불법 (pylibob) huuli bus
월 (voli) sar (odriin)
빨리 (balli) hurdan
올라 (uli-la) ogsoh, deeshleh
얼마 (olima) hed (yne)
무엇을 (myosil) yu
화장실 (huanjanshil)